Data Center PUE by Operator and Campus: Published Benchmarks

Power usage effectiveness is total data center energy divided by the energy delivered to IT equipment, as standardized in ISO/IEC 30134-2 and used by The Green Grid; 1.0 would mean every kWh reaches IT equipment (source: Mytton 2021, eq. 1, citing ISO/IEC 30134-2:2016; Lei et al. 2025 citing The Green Grid 2011). Water usage effectiveness, defined by The Green Grid (white paper WP#35, 2011), is annual site water usage divided by IT equipment energy, reported in liters per kWh of IT energy; it counts on-site water only, and The Green Grid's separate WUE source adds the water used to generate the electricity (source: Mytton 2021, eqs. 2 and 3, citing The Green Grid WP#35).

Every figure is copied as the operator publishes it, with its unit, period and basis (measured, design, trailing twelve months). Where a report does not state the unit for WUE, the unit column says so. We do not convert or estimate missing values. To turn a PUE into dollars, use the calculator above or the power cost calculator.